What happens to the second and third stages when they run out of fuel?

When the first stage separate, then it will not descend further and it will fall away. It would not be able to launch into air.

The first stage actually help to release it from shell, the first stage of multistage rocket help it to sprout.

If the first stage runs out of the fuel, then there will be no combustion in rocket and it will not ascend further into next stages.

If the second and third stage run out of the fuel then the next 4th and 5th stages will happen to a cessation and there will be a likelihood for it to fall down to earth.

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.