Use the hypothetical data on Parus major from the table below to do the following:
1. Calculate the typical survival rate from one stage to the next for this species. (2
points)
2. Calculate the number of individuals after four years in a population that starts
with 50 adult individuals if adult survival between years is 40%. (Assume a 1:1
sex ratio; 2 points)
"Female fertility" refers to the number of eggs laid by one female in a particular site.
• For both questions, explain briefly, in your own words, the procedure you
followed to obtain your results.
• You may consult with anyone you wish, but you must show your own work.
. The instructor will not answer individual questions about this assignment until
after all assignments have been submitted.
Life table data for Parus major at ten different sites.
life stage site 1 site 2 site 3 site 4 site 5 site 6 site 7 site 8 site 9 site 10
eggs
50
60
40
66
65
68
57
45
51
55
Nes
40
44
31
44
46
42
45
31
39
40
Fled
32
30
20
34
38
33
33
19
25
24
Adul
19
18
15
25
24
25
22
12
15
11
Female fertility 10
9
7
11
10
13
9
9 8 8

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There are specialized producers that live in warm water vents deep in the ocean. these producers do not per-form from photosynthesis, but instead perform a similar process with iron and other chemicals. why do you think these producers use this process instead of photosynthesis?

To answer this question, researchers studied populations of the dusky salamander (desmognathus ochrophaeus) living on different mountain ranges in the southern appalachian mountains. the researchers tested the reproductive isolation of pairs of salamander populations by leaving one male and one female together and later checking the females for the presence of sperm. four mating combinations were tested for each pair of populations (a and b)—two within the same population (female a with male a and female b with male b) and two between populations (female a with male b and female b with male a). the proportion of successful matings for each mating combination was measured. for example, when all the matings of a particular combination were successful, the researchers gave it a value of 1; when none of the matings were successful, they gave it a value of 0. then the researchers calculated an index of reproductive isolation that ranged from 0 (no isolation) to 2 (full isolation). the reproductive isolation value for two populations is the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type within populations (aa + bb) minus the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type between populations (ab + ba). the table provides data for the geographic distances and reproductive isolation values for 27 pairs of dusky salamander populations.