Which statement describes how pioneer species and climax communities are different?

A. Pioneer species tend to have large body sizes, and climax communities contain species with only small body sizes.
B. Pioneer species mark the end of succession, and climax communities mark the beginning.
C. Primary species have many species types, and climax communities have few species.
D. Primary species have large numbers of offspring, and climax communities contain species that have small numbers of offspring.

An easy way to calculate the amount of energy available at each level is to what?

How does this experiment explain why it is often milder in areas such as coastal maryland while areas such as kansas or iowa have more extremes in temperature

Rease is an enzyme used by plants to break down urea (a nitrogen-containing compound) into carbon dioxide and ammonia. urease urea > > > carbon dioxide and ammonia ammonia is broken down by plants into a nitrogen source plants need to grow. thus, plants could not use urea as a nitrogen source unless it was first converted to ammonia. in soybean plants there are two different kinds of urease, one produced in the seeds and the other produced in the leaves of the plant. three types of soybean plants were used in a set of experiments: normal soybeans and two mutant strains, one lacking the urease in the seeds only (strain 1) and one lacking urease in the leaves only (strain 2). experiment 1 separate areas in a field were planted with normal, strain 1, and strain 2 soybeans. all types of soybeans appeared to grow, flower, and produce seeds equally well. there were no externally detectable differences among the strains. experiment 2 small pieces of plant leaves of equal weight were obtained from each type of soybean plant and separately placed on media in culture dishes. tissue growing in this way will become an unorganized clump of cells referred to as callus. to provide a controlled nitrogen source, half the tissue samples of each type were placed on media containing urea, and the other half of the samples were placed on media containing ammonia. after 30 days, the weight gain for each of the callus samples was determined. results are shown in the table below.