What determines the thickness of Mars polar ice caps

Ectocarpene is a volatile, sperm cell-attracting material released by the eggs of the seaweed ectocarpus siliculosus. its constitution is all the double bonds are cis, and the absolute configuration of the chirality center is s. draw a stereochemically accurate representation of ectocarpene.

Genetic disorders can result when sister chromatids fail to seperate properly. during what phase is this problem most likely to occur?

Crossing over and independent assortment are important activities that occur during meiosis. what is the significance of these activities