The island fox shares a common ancestor with the gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus, which is found on the mainland.

A. Both species have similar coloration and a diploid chromosome number of 66.
B. One structural difference between the two species is the reduced size of the island fox, a feature known as dwarfism.
C. The various island subspecies also differ from each other in size, number of tail vertebrae, and other characteristics.
D. The phylogenetic tree below shows the evolutionary relationships between the island fox subspecies and the gray fox.
E. Drag the labels to their appropriate locations on the tree.

Option "B & C"

B: One structural difference between the two species is the reduced size of the island fox, a feature known as dwarfism.

C: The various island subspecies also differ from each other in size, number of tail vertebrae, and other characteristics.

Explanation:

One notable difference between gray foxes and island foxes is the small size of island foxes. This character (dwarfism) was exhibited by the common ancestor of all six island fox subspecies. Note that the northern Channel Island fox subspecies are more closely related to each other than to any of the southern subspecies, and that the southern subspecies are more closely related to each other than to the northern subspecies.

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