Marx focused on the relational class structure, made up of the capitalist class (the bourgeoisie) and the working class (the proletariat). However, managers could more accurately be described as occupying contradictory class locations because

a. they earn more than the proletariat, but less than the bourgeoisie.
b. they control the means of production, but they do not control others' labor.
c. they own the means of production, but also work with the proletariat.
d. they don't own the means of production, but they do control others' labor.