What does Mendel’s second principle (of independent assortment) state? Particles inherited from the mother are more likely to be transmitted to female offspring, and particles inherited from the father are more likely to be transmitted to male offspring. Transmission includes both blending and particulate inheritance. Eggs and sperm are formed independently of one another. The inheritance of one trait does not affect the inheritance of another trait.

both anaerobic and aerobic respiration use glucose (or other carbohydrates), proteins and lipids to produce atp and nadh. cell uses those energy molecules, obtained from food and   breaks them down during the chemical reactions of respiration. in anaerobic respiration, nadh is regenerated to nad+ by enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (lactate is produced, e.g. in muscle cells) or by alcohol dehydrogenase where ethanol is produced (alcohol fermentation), while in aerobic respiration, electrons from nadh are deposited in the mitochondria to regenerate nad+ (electron transport chain. anaerobic respiration produces 2 atp per molecule of glucose compared to aerobic respiration where about 38 atp molecules are produced.

atp is used for energy.

the glands which are associated with each description is given below: