A microbiologist has identified a new gram-negative pathogen that causes liver disease in rats. She suspects that the bacterium’s fimbriae are a virulence factor. Describe how molecular Koch’s postulates could be used to test this hypothesis.

Explanation:

Koch formulated a set of criteria that could be used to identify the pathogen responsible for a specific disease and these criteria came to be known as Koch’s postulates:

The organism must be regularly associated with the disease and its characteristic lesions

The organism must be isolated from the diseased host and grown in culture

The disease must be reproduced when a pure culture of the organism is introduced into a healthy, susceptible host

The same organism must be re-isolated from the experimentally infected host

In the given hypothesis , Koch's postulates could be used as:

1) identify pathogen associated with disease 2) isolate or purify pathogen 3) test subject gets pathogen 4) same disease/ causes liver disease or not

they are c. hope this !

answer:

the water molecules are transferred from the roots to the stem or top parts of the tall tree because of important properties of water which are adhesion, cohesion and capillary action. cohesion is the property of water molecules keeps water molecules in a combined state by sharing of bonds between them at the atomic level. adhesion allows the interaction of water molecules with other substances or substrate. adhesion will cause the attachment of water molecules to the wall of the vessel (xylem) of the plant. capillary action occurs when the adhesive force to the vessel wall is stronger than the cohesive force between water molecules. capillary action mimics the transfer of water from a tube or pipe. in this way water utilizes its property to transfer water from down to top level of the plant.