Antibodies are proteins that are made by B cells. They are able to destroy pathogens in all
of the following ways except:
• Making the pathogen ineffective by binding to the pathogen's membrane proteins.
Causing the pathogen to clump together, making it easier for phagocytes to destroy.
Surrounding and engulfing the pathogen.
• Activating complement proteins that weaken the pathogen's membrane.

a scenario where a cell may be needed to perform a form of endocytosis is when transporting large molecules. a scenario where a cell may be needed to perform a form of exocytosis is when releasing the large molecule from the cell.

the answers are as following:

1. c. double helix, nucleosome, coil, supercoil, chromosome

2. b. g2 phase, preparation for mitosis

3. d. interphase consists of the g1, s, and g2 phases

4. c. metaphase

5. a. chromosomes are duplicated before cell division so that each new daughter cell has a complete set