What is the name of the large purple/grey molecule that is reading the DNA strand and assembling the magenta molecule?

Ribonucleic acid. Nucleic acid that consists of a long chain of nucleotides, puts genetic code into action. Involved in protein synthesis. Controls the assembly of amino acids into proteins. Directs the production of proteins.

Molecules that compose the ribosome submits in ribosomes, small organelles which assemble proteins by reading the message carried by mRNA

Molecule that transfers each amino acid to the ribosome as it is specified by the coded messages in mRNA, important because every protein is different based on its sequence of amino acids. (tRNA)

Explanation:

the relative atomic mass of an element is the mass of one atom of that element, relative to 1/12th of the mass of a  1212c atom. to convert to an absolute mass in kg, it is necessary to multiply by  1.661×10−271.661×10−27.

the relative atomic mass is roughly equal to the number of neutrons, plus the number of protons, in the nucleus of the atom.

for elements with more than one stable isotope (different types of nucleus with different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons), the quoted mass is usually the average mass, weighted by the relative abundance of the different isotopes.