In this tutorial you will investigate how alleles segregate during meiosis. You will also explore how this segregation, in conjunction with random gamete fusion, allows geneticists to predict the outcome of genetic crosses using simple rules of probability.

a.) One character in peas that Mendel studied was yellow versus green seeds.
A cross between a homozygous yellow line (GG) and a homozygous green line (gg) will result in F1 plants that are heterozygous (Gg) for this trait and produce yellow seeds.
When an F1 plant undergoes meiosis, what gamete types will it produce, and in what proportions?

b.) Punnett squares are convenient ways to represent the types and frequencies of gametes and progeny in experimental crosses.

This Punnett square shows the results of a Gg x Gg cross to form F2 progeny.

Use your understanding of Mendel's Law of Segregation and the rules of probability to complete the Punnett square for this cross.

-First identify the gametes. Use pink labels to identify the male and female gamete types and white labels to identify the gamete frequencies.
-Then identify the F2 progeny. Use pink labels to identify the progeny genotypes and white labels to identify the progeny frequencies.

c.) Use the completed Punnett square in Part B to answer the questions below about the F2 generation.