Why does it make sense that codons consist of exactly three bases , and not one , two , or four ?

In pairs of 3, they get encoded into an amino acid.

Explanation:

Codons are paired in threes because that's how they produce the amino acid sequence. Getting coded in 2 or 4 would result in a frameshift mutation.

red color of the tomato due to the lycopene pigment in chromoplast, and the sunflower plastid is chromoplast

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