A scientist discovers that a soil bacterium he has been studying produces an antimicrobial that kills Gram negative bacteria. She isolates and purifies the antimicrobial compound, then chemically converts a chemical side chain to a hydroxyl group. When she tests the antimicrobial properties of this new version, she finds that this antimicrobial drug can now also kill Gram-positive bacteria. The new antimicrobial drug with broad-spectrum activity is considered to be:

The question is incomplete as it does not have the options which are:

resistant

semisynthetic

synthetic

natural

Semisynthetic

Explanation:

Antibiotics are the microbial compounds which are obtained from the micro-organisms which are found effective against the bacteria as they act by inhibiting the activity of the bacteria which ultimately kills the bacteria.

These antibiotics can also be distinguished based on their synthesis: natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic antibiotics.

The semi-synthetic antibiotics are the antibiotics which are obtained from the microbes but are modified artificially by making chemical changes to increase the effectiveness of the antibiotic and making the antibiotic as broad-spectrum bacteria.

Since the properties of the antibiotics provided in the question are similar to the semi-synthetic antibiotics, therefore, is considered semi-synthetic bacteria.

Thus, Semisynthetic  is correct.

cells use diffusion to get substances in and out of themselves. that diffusion will occur across the cell membrane or the outer covering of the cell. because we are talking about the surface of the cell, surface area and volume are  important factors here. as a cell increases in size, its surface area and volume increase as well.  we call that the surface area to volume ratio (sa: vol).  but the catch is that  volume increases at a greater rate than surface  area. in other words, as a cell gets bigger, the sa: vol gets smaller. so a really small cell like bacteria is mostly cell membrane (surface) with very little contents (volume). a really big cell like an egg, is mostly insides with a super thin membrane. so what ends up happening is that the cell cannot efficiently diffuse all of the stuff it needs in/out to survive. therefore cell size is limited to about 100mm. so how do we make organisms bigger than 100mm? cells divide! by dividing and becoming multicellular, organisms are able to grow!   check out the diagrams i attached to see the effect of sa: vol. i hope this ! good luck!