When Mount St. Helens erupted in 1980, a
portion of the surrounding area was covered by
lava, which buried all of the vegetation. Four
months later, Anaphalis margaritacea plants
were found growing out of lava rock crevices.
The beginning of plant regrowth in this area is a
part of the process known as
(1) species preservation
(2) evolution
(3) biotic competition
(4) succession