In your own words describe the production of urine using the following terms: kidney, renal arteries, nephron, glomerulus,
Bowman's capsule, convoluted tubule, collecting tubule, and bladder.

Production of urine

Explanation:

The three major steps in urine formation in the urinary system are – glomerular filtration, reabsorption and secretion – all of which results in removal of waste and excessive water from the body.

Kidneys are the main organs of the urinary system which takes part in the formation of urine. The kidneys are supplied by the renal arteries and capillaries. Each kidney consist numerous functional units called nephrons. Each nephron has a renal corpuscular and a tubular structure.

The renal corpuscle holds the Bowman’s capsule which contains the tuft of blood capillaries called the glomerulus. Glomerular filtration of blood plasma flowing in its capillary systems filters filterable components of blood like water and smaller solute particles leaving behind non-filterable blood cells, large proteins, etc. The filtered components gets collected in the glomerulus and forms the glomerular filtrate.

This filtrate then travels through the tubular structure – convoluted tubule and Loop of Henle, where reabsorption of water and nutrient ions takes place.

The remaining waste ions, and hydrogen ions are then collected in the collecting tubule. This is secretion of urine which then passes to the urinary bladder through the ureters.  

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the answers are a and c