How did gregor mendel contribute to our understanding of inherited traits

Gregor Mendel

Explanation:

The patterns of inheritance observed by Mendel forms the basis of modern genetics

Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered the three principles of inheritance,he deduced that genes(factors) come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent According to principle of dominance the factors governing the trait are present in paired form and is dominant over the other(recessive)Principle of segregation also known as Law of purity of gametes,according to this the factors responsible for the recessive character does not hide in second generation and hence expresses its phenotype

To prove this Mendel did monohybrid cross for all characters and find out that  the phenotypic ratio for all traits in second generation(F2 generation) is 3:1

Law of independent assortment explains the random fusion of gametes

Random arrangement of paternal and maternal chromosomes on metaphase plate occurs,chromosomes are independent to assort on the metaphase plate at the time of cell division,their arrangement on metaphase plate is random

The answer is c the potato slice shriveled because water moved out of the slice into the salt solution