12. What is industrial melanism?

it is an evolutionary mechanism by which many arthropods evolved into having darker pigmentation or melanism due to industrial pollution, soot deposits, etc

Explanation:

industrial melanism was observed in the population that lived near or around industries during the industrialization period. it helped organisms like  moths to camouflage in the environment to protect them from predators. Lichens are used as natural pollution indicators and they were not found growing around areas where industries were located, indicating high pollution levels. the industries produced a lot of harmful gases like sulphur dioxide and emitted soot deposits. due to heavy pollution in and around the area, the organisms living inside its parameter started to evolve in order to survive. before industrial revolution, there were only white moths (Biston Betularia). however, during this period it evolved into a black moth to camouflage with the darker tree barks and to save itself from its predators.

children tend to take more after their grandparents more than their parents. it’s the dna you received that was passed down to you somewhere in your family. maybe one of your grandparents had/has straight hair and you might have gotten it from them.

during the process of dna replication, brdu can replace thymidine and incorporate into the newly synthesized dna, cell proliferation thus can be reflected in the extent of brdu incorporation.