During the process of translation, which component has the responsibility of ensuring that the tRNA is correctly charged, i. e. carries the amino acid that corresponds to its anti-codon? During the process of translation, which component has the responsibility of ensuring that the tRNA is correctly charged, i. e. carries the amino acid that corresponds to its anti-codon? the peptidyl transferase center of the ribosome the messenger RNA the decoding center of the ribosome the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase the peptidyl-tRNA Request Answer

the aminoacyl tRNA synthetase

Explanation:

Before an amino acid can be incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain in the ribosomes, they must first recognize and be attached to a their cognate tRNAs through a process called tRNA charging/loading. This process also called aminoacylation is aided by the aminoacyl tRNA synthetases also called tRNA ligases. Failure of the enzymes to carry out the correct charging are determined resulting in cellular dysfunctions. The process occurs in 2 steps

1. The enzymes binds ATP to the amino acid to form a complex of amino acid-AMP.

2. The amino acid is then linked with tRNA and the AMP is released this the tRNA is "charged" and ready to function

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.