As an infant, Stephanie received many penicillin injections from the doctor. When she later saw a photographer in a white coat that was similar to the doctor’s coat, she started to cry. This is an example of

Classical conditioning

Explanation:

Classical conditioning is a type of learning that occurs by forming association, in which a once neural stimulus (conditioned stimulus) becomes associated) with a natural stimulus (unconditioned stimulus) that produces a natural response (unconditioned response). As a result of this, the conditioned stimulus elicits same response (conditioned response), which is similar to that of the natural stimulus, when presented alone.

Stephanie have learned to form association between the doctor that wears a white coat (unconditioned stimulus) and a photographer that wears a similar coat (conditioned stimulus). Upon seeing a photographer on white coat, she starts crying (conditioned response).

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