The pairing of chromosomes and the exchange of DNA between chromosomes is called crossing over, the diagram below illustrates this concept. Crossing over is a completely random process. What effect will crossing over have on the new cells produced after meiosis?

Option A is correct. After meiosis each cell will be genetically different due to the exchange of chromosomes.

Explanation:

Crossing over is a process in which exchange of segments result. As a result of this exchange new cell will be different genetically.

the cladogram shown here shows similarities and differences among several classes of vertebrates. anatomically, the four have limb structure as their common ancestor. we might separate the mammals from the other three classes because they a) divergent; do not lay eggs b) identical; are warm-blooded c) varied; a four chambered heart d) homologous; have mammary glands

option c is the correct answer.