Secondary active transportA) does not require the cell to invest energy, either directly or indirectly. B) is not carried out by membrane proteins. C) does not link the pumping of one substance to the concentration gradient of another. D) is not directly linked to the hydrolysis of ATP. E) cannot move a substance against its concentration gradient.

The correct option is (D)

Explanation:

The electrochemical gradients set up by primary active transport store energy, which can be discharged as the particles move down their slopes or gradients. Secondary active transport utilizes the energy put away in these inclinations or gradients to move different substances against their own gradients.For instance, we should assume we have a high concentration of sodium particles or ions in the extracellular space. On the off chance that a course or route, for example, a channel or transporter protein is open, sodium particles will descend their concentration gradient and come back to the inside of the cell.

Ithink the answer is d.

2hydrogen and 1 covalent