Four of the five processes listed below will disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Select the exception. a. natural selection b. genetic drift c. punctuated equilibrium d. non-random mating e. migration

natural selection, genetic drift, non-random mating, and migration (option A, B, D, and E)

Explanation:

In the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes remain the same in a population, from generation to generation, with no net change in allele or genotype frequencies. This means, no evolutionary change is occurring in the population. However, for this principle to hold, the following conditions must be present, which are:  

Therefore, the 4 processes, out of the 5 processes listed, that can disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population are natural selection, genetic drift, non-random mating, and migration (option A, B, D, and E)

A punctuated equilibrium would not, as the population is said to be stable or become stable over a long period of time with little evolutionary change in the course of life.

meteorologists would compare a new weather map with one 24 h old to see how fast a front is moving.

osteogenesis imperfecta (oi) refers to a congenital ailment of bones. in the condition, the bones become brittle or fragile. this ailment is a general result of the defect or mutations in the genes (colia1 or colia2). this mutation results in imperfect collagen formation either in quantity or quality wise.  

there are eight kinds of oi defects, and each kind varies with certain distinctions in symptoms. the usual symptoms include frequent bone fractures, loss of hearing in infants, protruding eyes, discoloration of the white in the eyes, respiratory issues, loosening of the joints, short stature, and other symptoms.