Review your answer to question 1 in Before the Lab for Laboratory 2 (page B-13), in which you described the fragments that formed from the digestion of pKAN-R and pARA with BamHI and HindIII. Using this information, draw three possible recombinant plasmids resulting from the joining of two pARA and pKAN-R fragments. For each plasmid, identify the genes, other important sequences, and the number of base pairs each has.

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it provides an alternative energy pathway for the reaction to proceed.

a catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but is not consumed during the course of the reaction.

catalysts increase the rate of reaction without being used up. they do this by lowering the activation energy needed. with a catalyst, more collisions result in a reaction, so the rate of reaction increases. different reactions need different catalysts.

a catalyst works by providing an alternative reaction pathway to the reaction product. the rate of the reaction is increased as this alternative route has a lower activation energy than the reaction route not mediated by the catalyst.