What is the impact of exposure to violence on development during middle childhood? How can exposure to violence play a role in bullying? Have you been a victim of bullying or a bully yourself? What is the best way to combat bullying?

The exposure of a child with violence have been seen to have a number of negative influences on the child. One of these negative influences is the influence in the adaptability of the child and his academic success. Children who encounter violence are mainly subjected to low academic performance and have difficulty in adapting to schools. The exposure to violence disturbs the cognitive functioning of the child.

Children who are often depressed encounter more bullying from other people. The best way to combat bullying is to ask assistance from a higher authority such as a teacher.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.