The Pingelapese people of the East Caroline Islands are descended from 20 survivors of a typhoon and subsequent famine in 1775. Among the survivors was an individual heterozygous for a recessive mutation that causes achromatopsia, a condition that causes color-blindness, extreme sensitivity to light, and poor visual acuity. Although this condition is usually very rare, affecting about 1 person in 20,000, about 20% of today’s 3000 Pingelapese are achromats. The most likely explanation for the plight of the Pingelapese is:.
a. bottleneck effect.
b. directional selection.
c. founder effect.
d. a high rate of mutation for the achromatopsia allele.
e. non-random mating.

With the description of the different cell walls, membranes, and associated proteins set in the students' minds, you now need to introduce them to the idea that the cell wall can also act as a foundation to build things upon. bacterial appendages require a strong foundation that will offer the support needed to move and function in a dynamic world. for example, flagella are long, whiplike protein structures that are used by many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria for locomotion. in order to function effectively, a flagellum must be firmly anchored to the cell wall. how will you be able to get across the idea that the peptidoglycan cell wall is strong enough to support such a mechanism? with a protein rod that passes through the cell wall and protein rings used to anchor it in the membranes, these basal bodies are the rudimentary biological motors that use atp power to spin the hook and the flagella attached to it. bacterial flagella have a biological motor that spins within the cell wall and is powered by atp. this allows the flagella to spin in a whiplike motion to propel the bacterium.

Guinea pig coat color is determined by a single gene. the allele for black coat color is dominant to brown. in a cross between twoblack-haired guinea pigs, 20 offspring are born. if both parents were heterozygous, probability would predict that approximately howmany of the 20 offspring would have brown hair?

Apatient has an open displaced fracture of the second cervical vertebra. this is her fifth visit and the fracture is healing normally. what icd-10-cm code is reported?