A botanist discovers a new species of land plant with a dominant sporophyte, chlorophylls a and b, and cell walls made of cellulose. In assigning this plant to a phylum, which of the following, if present, would be least useful?

a. endosperm
b. seeds
c. sperm that lack flagella
d. flowers
e. spores

Neelaredoxin is a 15-kda protein that is a gene product common in anaerobic prokaryotes. it has superoxide-scavenging activity, and it is constitutively expressed. in addition, its expression is not further induced during its exposure to o2 or h2o2 (silva, g., et al. 2001. j. bacteriol. 183: 4413–4420). which of the following statements best describes neelaredoxin synthesis? a-neelaredoxin is produced at all times; levels are constant even when exposed to o2 or h2o2.b-neelaredoxin is produced at all times; exposure to o2 or h2o2 increases expression.c-neelaredoxin is produced at all times; exposure to o2 or h2o2 decreases or prevents expression.d-neelaredoxin is only produced when there is exposure to o2 or h2o2.

Explain how paleontologists use trilobite fossils as index fossils for various geologic time periods.

Cells a and b are the same size and shape, but cell a is metabolically quiet and cell b is actively consuming oxygen. oxygen will diffuse more quickly into cell because . b the oxygen molecules inside cell b have a higher kinetic energy b. a its membrane transport proteins will not be saturated c. a the diffusion gradient there is shallowerd. b the diffusion gradient there is steeper