The Brelands concluded that animals’ strong instinctive behaviors predominated over behaviors that had been conditioned, which they described as a. instinctive drift. b. inconclusive conditioning. c. behavioral reversion. d. the self-intrinsic effect.

The Brelands concluded that animals’ strong instinctive behaviors predominated over behaviors that had been conditioned, which they described as "instinctive drift".

Option A

Explanation:

Keller and Marian Breland coined instinctive drift. Instinctive drift, also known as instinctual drift, is an animal's desire to return to unconscious and habitual actions that interacts with acquired operant conditioning behaviours.

This finding demolished the once believed ideas that before deliberate training, animals are a "tabula rasa," and that all reactions are similarly conditionable.The Breland's characterized the first visibility to this concept when they worked with their chickens who were instructed to appear as if they were moving on a jukebox and dancing afterwards.

1) gene flow

- it is described as the transfer of genes from one population to another population so that frequency of gene is increased.

-a zebra migrates to join a different herd of zebras.

2) natural selection

- a mechanism of evolutionary change in which individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce whereas the others ( those that can not adapt) eliminate from the population.

-competition for sunlight leads to taller trees.

3) mutation

- permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of dna ( genetic material) that could have harmful or useful consequences.

-the dna of a snake changes to make its venom stronger.

4) genetic drift - it is a random phenomenon ( that occurs by chance such as fire) that results in change in the gene frequency in a small population.    

-a grassfire randomly sweeps through a population of buffalo and kills most of the animals.

explanation:

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