An electric current is trying to move through an atom. how do protons and electrons impact the
movement of electricity?

Electric current is the flow of electrons and they carry negative charge so electrons inside an atom repels the flow where as a proton attracts the flow.

Explanation:

Electricity is the process of flow of electrons. During the flow these electrons share bonds or even transfer them. These electrons get energy when the potential difference is applied to a conductor that is moving in the direction from low to high therefore, the electrons move from one to another creating electricity.  Though the electron repels the continuous flow but proton develops the force of attraction.