Which part of the nervous system carries impulses between the body and the central nervous system

the peripheral nervous system(PNS)

Explanation:

The PNS  which is made  up of nerves and ganglia, connected the brain and spinal cord(CNS) with other parts of the body. It is like  conduit for exchange of sensory and motor information between the CNS the other body parts

It is divided into somatic nervous system ; which controls voluntary activities of the skeletal muscles and cranial nerves. with the brain.For example it transmits sensation of touch and taste to the CNS.

and

autonomic nervous system; which control involuntary activities of the smooth muscles and glands. it consist of both afferent and efferent nerves fro transmission of impulses to and fro the CNS.

Based on the response  of body organs  to external environments,  the autonomic system can be sympathetic or parasympathetic.

It is not protected like the organs of CNS.This explains the reason for its proneness  to  infections  and toxins in the blood.