What will happen to a cell that is placed in a solution containing a high concentration of sugar, a molecule that cannot pass across the cell membrane?

The cell will shrink.

Explanation:

Water moves from an area which is having a low concentration of solute to an area that is having a high concentration solute through a biological membrane and this movement of water is called osmosis.

So when a cell is placed in a solution which is having high sugar concentration than the water from the cell will move towards the high solute concentration that means water will move out of the cell which will cause the shrinking of cell.  

Therefore cell will shrink if it is placed in a solution containing high sugar concentration.

fertilization, pictured in figure 24.23a is the process in which gametes (an egg and sperm) fuse to form a zygote. the egg and sperm each contain one set of chromosomes. to ensure that the offspring has only one complete diploid set of chromosomes, only one sperm must fuse with one egg. in mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. when a sperm binds to the zona pellucida, a series of biochemical events, called the acrosomal reactions, take place. in placental mammals, the acrosome contains digestive enzymes that initiate the degradation of the glycoprotein matrix protecting the egg and allowing the sperm plasma membrane to fuse with the egg plasma membrane, as illustrated in figure 24.23b. the fusion of these two membranes creates an opening through which the sperm nucleus is transferred into the ovum. the nuclear membranes of the egg and sperm break down and the two haploid genomes condense to form a diploid genome.

explanation:

trachea, alveoli, lung capillaries, arteries