Explain the concept of homologous chromosomes and apply this concept to haploid and diploid cells. state examples of the occurence of each type of cell from a variety of organisms.

Chromosomes that carry the same genes.

Explanation:

The concept of homologous chromosomes can be simply explained as two chromosomes that are carrying the same genes but not necessarily the same alleles. For example one of them may have the dominant curly hair gene and the other may have the recessive curly hair gene etc.

Diploid cells and haploid cells possess 2n and n number of chromosomes respectively. Even though haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes as diploid cells, they still contain homologous chromosomes as diploid cells.

Germs and reproductive cells such as eggs and sperm can be given as an example to haploid cells. All other cells in our bodies and also some viruses can be given as examples to diploid cells.

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c.) polymerase chain reaction

- "unlike the original dna fingerprinting method, dna profiling does not use restriction enzymes to cut the dna. instead it uses the polymerase chain reaction (pcr)? to produce many copies of specific str sequences. pcr is an automated procedure that generates lots of copies of a specific sequence of dna."