Disturbances cause a decrease in carrying capacity for all populations in the disturbed habitat. this statement is:
a. correct; all populations in an area of a disturbance have a temporarily lowered carrying capacity.
b. incorrect; the definition of a disturbance is an event that temporarily lowers carrying capacity.
c. incorrect; although a disturbance may lower carrying capacity for some populations, it may increase carrying capacity for others.
d. incorrect; disturbances have minimal effect on carrying capacity.
e. correct; biotic disturbances increase carrying capacity for all the populations.

C

Explanation:

the two answers are a, the population of birds with large beaks will increase on the island, and c, the trait for large beaks will be passed on to future generations through natural selection. the reason for that is because if the birds that have beaks developed for eating small seeds lose all of their food, they will go hungry and eventually starve because they physically cannot eat the large seeds, therefore making the population of large beaked birds higher. also, if the trait of large beaks are dominant on the island over small beaks, then over time the large beaked birds will reproduce more and more, while the smaller beaked birds will reproduce less and less because they can't survive with the food provided. that leads to the trait of small beaks disappearing and the trait of large beaks taking over the island.

air enters through the nose, moves through the nasal cavity, the pharynx, the larynx, enters the trachea, moves through the bronchi andbronchioles till the alveoli.