Carlos reviewed the data on water use in the united states. carlos wanted to conserve water so he and his father fixed all the leaks in the house and garage. carlos hypothesized that if they fixed their leaks, they would not use as much water as before. what must carlos do to make this a real experiment?
a) determine his manipulated variable.
b) draw a conclusion from the data in the bar graph.
c) collect and analyze data before and after the leaks are fixed.
d) make a prediction about the amount of water used before fixing the leaks.

The correct option is C) Collect and analyze data before and after the leaks are fixed.

Explanation:

The hypothesis that Carlos has generated is that if the leaks in the house are fixed, then the water consumption would be reduced. To check the validity of this hypothesis Carlos must design an experiment in which the dependent variable should be water consumption and the independent variable should be the leaks in the house.

To deduce the results, Carlos must check the usage of water for a fixed period before fixing the leaks and then check the usage of water after fixing the leaks for the same period.

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an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.