The diagnostic term for a disease characterized by early senility, confusion, loss of recognition of persons or familiar surroundings, and restlessness is:

Alzheimer's Disease

Explanation:

There are seven stages of changes occurring in an individual with Alzheimer's disease.  

In the first stage, the brain works normally and only through PET scan Alzheimer's disease can be detected.  

In the second stage, a person starts forgetting small things such as spelling, words etc.  

In the third stage, forgetfulness reaches the second level and a person can forget things which he/she has just seen or read. She/he questions the same thing again and again and also forgets name of people he/she meet regularly.  

In the fourth stage, a patient forgets his/her own detail and by the fifth stage he/she become unable to do daily course work such as dressing etc. due to forgetfulness.  

In the sixth stage, delusions occur and in the last stage a person can even forget about eating, bathing, swallowing etc.  

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an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.