1. although their concentration in the atmosphere is lower than carbon dioxide, absorb earth's outgoing radiation and cause warming of the troposphere.
2. when a component of the climate system is altered, the possible responses are known as mechanisms. aerosols trace gases feedback
3. effects that reinforce the initial climate system change are mechanisms.
4. because they reflect sunlight back into have a net cooling effect on the climate system.
5. effects that produce the opposite results from the initial climate change are referred to as feedback mechanisms.
6. reduced sea ice causes surface reflectivity (albedo) to decrease and surface solar energy absorption to increase; this is an example of feedback mechanism.

1. Trace gases  2. Climate feedback mechanisms 3. Positive feedback mechanisms 4. Aerosols  5. Negative Feedback Mechanisms 6. Positive feedback mechanism

Explanation:

Using the knowledge of global warming as a result of climate change, we can provide the following answers to fill in the gap:

1. Trace gases

Greenhouse gases provides a natural effect known as greenhouse effects. This effect is achieved when greenhouse gases trap and absorb infrared radiation, in form of heat, thereby slowing down the loss of he into space. This effect ensures the earth remains habitable as the temperature of the earth would drop causing freezing of the earth. Life would almost not exist in the absence of this phenomenon caused by greenhouse gases. Carbon dioxide accounts for the highest percentage by volume of the total greenhouse gases found in the atmosphere. Trace gases such as argon are found in minute quantities in the atmosphere. Hey also have the ability to absorb infrared rays.

2. Climate feedback mechanisms

Climate feedback mechanism is a kind of continuous cycle that describes how the system responds to the changes it is being impacted on. The change can either produce an increase or decrease in the warming effect. There are basically 2 types of feedback mechanism: Positive and Negative feedback mechanism. A positive feedback mechanism involves changes that reinforce the increase of the temperature of the system, while negative feedback mechanisms involves processes that reduce the effect of warming, causing a drop in temperature of the system.

3. Positive feedback mechanisms

Effects that involve processes that helps in pushing the temperature of the climate system up, thereby producing additional warming effect on the initial warming trend of the system are said to be identified as Positive feedback mechanisms. Examples of such effects is melting of ice, especially as more pronounced in polar regions.

4. Aerosols

Aerosols can be in form of fine solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in the air. Examples of aerosols include dust, fog, smoke or air pollutants. They have the ability to scatter solar radiation and change the reflectivity of the earth. These effects created by aerosols have a cooling effect on the climate system, as a against the effect produced by greenhouse gases. The effects caused by aerosols are examples of negative feedback mechanisms.

5. Negative Feedback Mechanisms

An example of such effects is the effect produced by aerosols. Such effect cools the system which is opposite to the warming trend of the system.

6. Positive feedback mechanism

Decrease in surface reflectivity, and increase in surface solar energy absorption as a result of reduced sea ice would further reinforce the warming trend of the system, such change a positive feedback mechanism.

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