In a further experiment, the researchers add a compound to the cell growth medium that both binds and releases protons (h+) and also passes through lipid membranes.

According to theories of how life began, how did early organic molecules begin to separate from the outside world? a: specialized enzymes were required b: chains of amino acids created a barrier c: formation of microspheres or vesicles d: rna catalyzed the formation of membranes