determine the ionic characteristics of this element. chlorine

electrons can donate 0, 1, 2, -1, +1, or -2
electrons can receive 0, 1, 2, -1, +1, or -2
valence (incl. + or -) 0, 1, 2, -1, +1 or -2

Agenus is a taxonomic grouping that identifies a collection of species. when a scientist discovers a new species, how is this species assigned to a genus

20 point pls brianliest 1. what does a red shift mean? blue shift? 2. describe the big bang theory. according to this theory, how old is the universe? 3. scientists believe the universe is expanding. what is the evidence that supports this? 4. describe a nebula. 5. describe the 3 types of galaxies. what is a barred spiral galaxy? 6. what is a light year? how far is alpha centauri from earth? 7. describe the universal law of gravitation. be sure to include gravitational force between two objects. 8. describe the planets’ orbits around the sun. 9. what is the asteroid belt? where is it located? 10. describe rotation and revolution of earth. what determines an earth day and year? 11. how do galaxies exist? 12. compare and contrast the inner and outer planets. 13. what causes the seasons?

According to theories of how life began, how did early organic molecules begin to separate from the outside world? a: specialized enzymes were required b: chains of amino acids created a barrier c: formation of microspheres or vesicles d: rna catalyzed the formation of membranes