What is a proto-oncogene? what are the typical functions of proteins encoded by proto-oncogenes? at the level of protein function, what are the general ways that proto-oncogenes can be converted to oncogenes?

Proto-oncogenes may be defined as the normal genes that codes for the growth factors and other proteins in the body. The typical function that are performed by proto oncogenes is the formation of the proteins that regulates the growth and proper functioning of the cell cycle.

Some protooncogenes also code for the factors that are involved in the normal process of apoptosis. The mutation in the proto oncogenes results in the formation of oncogenes that leads to cancer. The gain of function mutation in proto ocogene results in the formation of oncogenes.

oxidation

explanation:

answer

when you breathe in, or inhale, your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and moves downward. this increases the space in your chest cavity, into which your lungs expand. the intercostal muscles between your ribs also enlarge the chest cavity. they contract to pull your rib cage both upward and outward when you inhale.