Carbon-based fuels from lithospheric reservoirs
a. have been slowly sequestered over many millions of years
b. will be lost before the end of the decade
c. cannot be lost to the atmosphere by human processes once stabilized on earth's surface
d. are readily lost from earth's surface in the absence of humans
e. are formed from the deposition, partial decay, and compression of inorganic matter

A. have been slowly sequestered over many millions of years.

Explanation: Carbon-based fuels are of two main kinds, biofuels and fossil fuels. Whereas biofuels are derived from recent-growth organic matter and are typically harvested, as with logging of forests and cutting of corn, fossil fuels are of prehistoric origin and are extracted from the ground, the principal fossil fuels being oil, coal, and natural gas.

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