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which process moves an ion across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient?
diffusion
exocytosis
facilitated diffusion
active transport

The correct answer is active transport.

Explanation:

Active transport is a specific type of membrane transport process that deals with the transport of solute molecules and ions against their concentration gradient which means from the region of low concentration to the high concentration region.Active transport is also known as uphill transport.

       As the active transport moves solute nolecules and ions against their concentration gradient an energy source is being utilized in form of ATP molecules to carry out this uphill transport process.

a and b

for  example, forests have higher evapotranspiration than other ecosystems,  such  as grasslands, because of their deeper roots and greater leaf area. thus forests have a net moistening effect on the atmosphere and become a moisture source for downwind ecosystems.