You have isolated a mutant strain of bacillus subtilis (which you designate wimp) whose endospores can be killed by boiling water. when you analyze the endospores produced by this strain, you find that compared to endospores produced by the parent (a wild-type strain), the wimp spores have significantlya. elevated amounts of germination factors. b. reduced amounts of small acid-soluble proteins. c. reduced amounts of germination factors. d. lower amounts of spore coat proteins. e. higher water content.

it should be d) transitional fossils.

they show the gradualism of evolution throughout a period of time

we solve the problem using the hardy-wineberg equation.

let us start with the homozygous recessive proportion of individuals with sickle cell anaemia,

we have the proportion as q² = 0.25.

∴ q = 0.5 (frequency of hbs in population)

further,

solving for the frequency of normal cell by using the fact that,

p + q = 1

∴ p = 1 - 0.5 = 1 - 0.5 = 0.5

now we can calculate 2pq in p² + 2pq + q², which is the frequency for heterozygous carriers of sickle cell anaemia,

∴ 2pq = 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.5

and the homozygous normal cell individuals proportion is given by the expression,

∴ p² = 0.5² = 0.25

hence, the carriers for sickle cell anaemia are in proportion, 0.5, or 50%.