The surgical procedure that inserts a plastic tube from the ventricle of the brain to the peritoneal cavity to continuously remove excess cerebrospinal fluid is called

shunt.

Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt surgery (VP Shunt) is the procedure, where insertion of plastic tube is done from the ventricle of the brain to the peritoneal cavity to continuously remove excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Explanation:

CSF is the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. This fluid is formed in the hollow cavities known as ventricles of the brain. CSF cushions the underlying vital structures of brain and spinal cord. But in some disease conditions like hydrocephalus or tumors in brain,  the CSF pressure  increases  that creates pressure on brain and spinal cord. In order to relieve the pressure and drain the excess amount of CSF, the above mention surgical procedure is done which is known as VP Shunt surgery.

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