Athin transparent film on a reflecting surface often shows a distinct color. a slightly thinner or thicker film will show a different color. what produces the colors of thin film

By water evaporation from the leaves is created a negative pressure at the top of the tree that promotes the ascension  of the water through channels that are called xylem. there are also two molecule forces that are involved: the intra-water molecules cohesion (water molecules stick to each other) and the adhesion when the water molecules stick to the channels they are running in. this is what enables water to go from the roots to the top of a tall tree.

Other organisms can change their behavior to take the place of the plants in the ecosystem.

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