The question refers to the following description. on the bahamian island of andros, mosquitofish populations live in various, now-isolated, freshwater ponds that were once united. currently, some predator-rich ponds have mosquitofish that can swim in short, fast bursts; other predator-poor ponds have mosquitofish that can swim continuously for a long time. when placed together in the same body of water, the two kinds of female mosquitofish exhibit exclusive breeding preferences. which two of the following have operated to increase divergence between mosquitofish populations on andros? 1. improved gene flow2. bottleneck effect3. sexual selection4. founder effect5. natural selectiona. 3 and 4b. 2 and 4c. 2 and 3d. 1 and 3e. 3 and 5

Over the past 60 years, many amphibian species have experienced significant population declines and some species have become extinct. scientists suspected that local human activities such as the destruction of wetlands, regional pollution, and deforestation were the main reasons for these losses. however, research over the past 20 years reveals significant amphibian population declines in protected areas of the world, such as nature preserves and parks. these global declines suggest widespread problems including increased ultraviolet radiation, acid rain, and disease. in switzerland, for example, 14 of the 20 native amphibian species are threatened with extinction. chytridiomycosis is a fungal disease first identified in 1998 as a cause of massive amphibian deaths. in some severely impacted populations, a few individuals have survived, perhaps because of some natural resistance. if these resistant individuals continue to survive and prosper, new resistant populations might emerge. this would be an example of the founder effect artificial selection genetic drift natural selection sexual selection

The sketch shows a rynchosaur, an extinct animal that is known only from fossils. there has been much debate about the classification of these creatures. some scientists suggest that they belong with primitive amphibians, and some think they are related to snakes and lizards.the data equally support both cases. which statement best explains how to draw a cladogram that includes the rynchosaur? draw the cladogram for amphibians. draw the cladogram for reptiles. draw two cladograms, both showing the traits, and leave it as a hypothesis. draw two cladograms, both showing the traits, and have scientists vote

The phylogenetic tree illustrates the relationship between humans and our closest living relatives. the tree was based on biochemical comparisons, including dna and amino acid sequences. according to the biomolecular data, we could infer that