All organisms originated from different ancestors.
a. archaea are more closely related to bacteria than eukarya.
b : all organisms originated from a common ancestor. organisms on different branches of the phylogenetic tree often have similar morphology.
c : all organisms originated from a common ancestor. proteins that carry out the same functions often have similar sequences across organisms.
d : all organisms originated from different ancestors. organisms living in similar ecosystems are genetically closer to each other than those living in different ecosystems.

not too sure but maybe in the hot springs.

in a chemical reaction, the atoms and molecules produced by the reaction are called products. no new atoms are created, and no atoms are destroyed. in a chemical reaction, reactants contact each other, bonds between atoms in the reactants are broken, and atoms rearrange and form new bonds to make the products.

passive transport is a movement of biochemicals and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes without need of energy input. unlike active transport, it does not require an input of cellular energy because it is instead driven by the tendency of the system to grow in entropy.

so, according to what that says, i believe it's hypertonic and hypotonic.

good luck!