Question 3
volcanic islands and island chains, like the hawaiian islands, were created by
(need an answer here) spots, which may or may not occur on
a plate's boundary.
question 4
a crack in the crust near iceland is what is thought to have started the breakup of
pangaea. this crack created the (need answer here)
ocean. as that ocean expanded, the (need answer here)
ocean shrank in size.

3. Hot spots , 4. S shaped mid oceanic ridge,  pacific ocean.

Explanation:

1: most common garden plants prefer loam — soils with a balance of different-sized mineral particles (approximately 40% sand, 40% silt, and 20% clay) with ample organic matter and pore space. however, some plants grow better in sandy soils, while others are well-adapted to clay soils.

2: available water capacity is the maximum amount of plant available water a soil can provide. it is an indicator of a soil's ability to retain water and make it sufficiently available for plant use. available water capacity is the water held in soil between its field capacity and permanent wilting point.

3: it is the same for all living things (plants and animals). it also includes very tiny organisms that our eyes cannot see. they are known as microorganisms, and include viruses, bacteria and fungi.