Chemiosmosis is a part of oxidative phosphorylation, the final step in cellular respiration. which of the following is true regarding chemiosmosis?
a. the energy from a proton gradient is used to make atp
b. chemiosmosis regenerates electron carriers like nadh and fahd
c. atp synthesis creates a proton gradient that causes electron flow through an electron transport chain (etc).
d. a temperature gradient drives atp synthesis.

The tasmanian devil, a marsupial carnivore, is facing extinction due to devil facial tumor disease (dftd) which causes bulging cancerous lumps and lesions to erupt around the face and neck — often causing enough deformation to make seeing or eating difficult. dftd has evolved into a contagious cancer, a trait that is unique among cancers. devil mating behavior involves biting around the head and neck, allowing cells from one individual — especially cells from the crumbly dftd tumors — to be transferred to the wounds or face of a new individual. this marsupial was once found across australia, but sea levels rose, isolating the tasmanian population, while the australian population went extinct. what would be an outcome of genetic isolation that is likely to have impacted the spread of dftd? a) reduced territory puts diseased individuals in greater contact with non-diseased ones. b) inbreeding results in less variation in facial features so the cancer is generally fatal. c) genetic isolation has made it difficult for scientists to develop a vaccine against dftd. d) the lack of genetic variation in the immune system of tasmanian devils minimizes resistance to the disease.

Aboy with an extra x chromosome probably has which of the following syndromes?

2. which is the last step in the scientific method?