Saprophytes are fungi that feed on dead and decomposing organisms. they secrete enzymes that digest components of cell walls, such as cellulose and lignin. which statement explains why these fungi are an important part of the biogeochemical cycle?
a) saprophytes perform gas exchange that assists the cellular activities of autotrophs.
b) saprophytes extract minerals from living tissue to recycle them back into the soil.
c) saprophytes transport nutrients through the xylem and phloem in autotrophs.
d) saprophytes return organic material to the soil for use by living organisms

D) Saprophytes return organic material to the soil for use by living organisms

Explanation:

Saprophytes are organisms that feed on organic matter originating from decomposition processes. They are heterotrophic because they obtain energy from organic matter in other living beings.

The main saprophytic living beings are terrestrial fungi and some species of vascular plants. They are essential for biogeochemical cycles, because they return organic material to the soil for use by living organisms.

In other words, we can say that saprophytes act as nutrient recyclers. They act in the process of decomposition of the substrate (place where they live), favoring the use of substances by other organisms. This process also favors soil fertilization.

Example: there are fungi that decompose rotting tree branches and stumps. The result of this process generates organic substances that serve as nutrients for other organisms in that ecosystem.

1. efficient use of space

2. elimination of groundwater contamination

3. energy generation

4. lower carbon footprint