In a diploid individual, one chromosome carries a and b genes, and the homologous chromosome carries different forms (alleles) of these same genes, a and b. if there is a single crossover between these two genes involving non-sister chromatids during metaphase i of meiosis, the resulting four gametes are:

the four gametes produced were AB, Ab, aB and ab.

Gametes or gametes cells are haploid cells (unpaired) specifically for fertilization. The fused gametes can be identical in shape and size (isogamy) or different in one or both of these properties (anisogamy). The terms 'male' and 'female' are often applied to gametes but only serve to indicate the genital origin because gametes do not have genitals. When they differ in size, usually the larger gametes are called macrogametes, and the smaller gametes are called microgametes. Sometimes absent in plasmogamy in fertilization, in this case, the fused nuclei can be considered gametes.

Diploid is a term for a cell or individual that has cells with two sets of genomes. Each genome in a cell is paired with a homolog based on the length of the chromosome. Diploid cells are formed from the fertilization of haploid gamete cells. Haploid gamete cells fuse so that the chromosomes mix in one cell to form diploid cells.

In biology, haploid means :

The sex cells (gametes) are always haploid due to the process of meiosis (reduction division) that precedes its formation. Individual haploids can be found in nature, usually because they are produced from parthenogenesis, as in some water fleas and worker bees. Haploid plants are very rarely found. Haploid individuals are usually unable to reproduce normally, are infertile, or only vegetatively.

Individual haploids can be made by tissue culture from gamete cells. These individuals are usually also infertile. Application of certain substances, usual colchicine, can double the number of genomes and produce individuals with normal genome counts (known as double haploids or doubled-haploids) so that they can reproduce as usual.

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Definition of Gametes

Definition of Diploid

Definition of Haploid

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Grade: Middle School

Subject: Biology

keywords: Gametes

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