The production of megaphylls by many different species of plants is an example of
parallel evolution
analogy
divergent evolution
homology

parallel evolution

Explanation:

Parallel evolution can occur when related groups have a similar evolution even though they have been isolated for a long time. A classic example is the evolutionary irradiation that occurred between placental and marsupial mammals. In the case of convex leaves in plants, some vascular plants have this type of leaf which is a complex leaf type. These plants had this kind of leaf, through the evolution created by a state of isolation.

wild parsnip is a perennial plant which reproduces rapidly in areas which have no sign of agricultural activity such roadside or at no tillage open areas. it's considered invasive because it can inhibit the growth of another plant  and its reproduction is fast. there are several harmful effects of this invasive plant although its taproot is edible since it is a member of the carrot family. wild parsnips can cause skin blistering when in contact because of the chemicals it contains, second it inhibits the growth of other plants, it will restrict the growth of animals when eaten and lastly, it drives away natural pollinators like bees.

answer denitrification;